Proceedings of the International Conference on Agricultural Engineering : Muscat, Oman, February 24-26, 2013

Table of Contents: “…Dakheel -- Simultaneous microalga biomass production and wastewater treatment in various pond geometrics / A. Lababpour -- Understanding water relations for sustainable production / G.A. …”


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Environmental restoration : science and strategies for restoring the Earth

Table of Contents: “…Klco -- Ecological mining (abstract) / Brian Hill -- Constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment : an overview of applications and potentials (abstract) / Gregory A. …”


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The illustrated book of world rankings by Kurian, George Thomas

Table of Contents: “…Deforestation -- Protected areas -- Greenhouse emissions per capita -- Forest land -- Population served by wastewater treatment plants -- Waste recycling of paper and paperboard -- Hazardous waste production -- Population served by municipal waste services -- Nuclear wastes from spent fuel -- Annual freshwater withdrawals -- Internal renewable water sources -- Sulfur and nitrogen emissions -- Carbon monoxide emissions.…”


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Alternative energy systems in building design by Gevorkian, Peter

Table of Contents: “…Chapter 5: Energy Conservation -- Energy-saving measures -- Power-factor correction -- Electric power generation and distribution -- Computerized lighting control -- California Title 24 electric energy compliance -- Demand-side energy management and control -- LEED-leadership in energy and environmental design -- State of California Green Building Action Plan -- LEED -- Chapter 6: Passive Solar Heating Technologies -- Passive solar water heating -- Concentrator solar technologies -- Solar cooling and air-conditioning -- Direct solar power generation -- Innovations in passive solar power technology -- Chapter 7: Fuel Cell Technology -- Fuel cell design -- Fuel cell application -- Fuel cells as alternatives to internal combustion fuels -- Hydrogen economy -- Chapter 8: Wind Energy Technologies -- History of wind power -- Wind power generation -- Wind power management -- Betz' Law of Fluid Dynamics -- Structural considerations -- Basics of wind turbine operation -- Wind turbine energy economics -- Chapter 9: Ocean Energy Technologies -- Tidal power -- Tidal physics: effects of the terrestrial centrifugal force -- Tidal power generation -- Current tidal generation technologies -- Marine-current turbine technologies -- Some interesting oceanic technologies -- Chapter 10: Hydroelectric And Micro-Hydro Turbine Power -- Hydroelectric power plants -- Environmental effects of hydroelectric power -- Hydroelectric power technology -- Classification of hydropower energy facilities -- Hydroelectric plant equipment -- Case studies of hydroelectric power plants -- Micro-hydropower generation -- Chapter 11: Geothermal Energy -- Thermal power extraction potential -- Geothermal technologies -- Geothermal potential -- Cost of geothermal energy and economics -- Geothermal case study in an air-conditioning application -- Ocean thermal energy -- Chapter 12: Biofuel, Biogas, And Thermal Depolymerization Technologies -- History -- Chemical composition -- Origins of biomass -- Biomass energy potential -- Energy value of biomass -- Benefits of biomass energy -- Microturbine generators -- Landfill, wastewater treatment, and plant biogas generators -- Hot water and generators -- Economic benefits of using landfill gas -- Environmental benefits of using landfill gas -- Case study of successful application of microgenerator technology -- Cal poly biogas case study -- Biomass energy -- Biofuels and thermal depolymerization -- Biomass energy implementation -- Carbon black -- Gasification process -- Biopower -- Bioproducts -- Some interesting facts about bioenergy -- Biodiesel -- Chapter 13: Fission- And Fusion-Type Nuclear Power -- Properties of uranium -- Nuclear fission power plant -- Construction of a nuclear power plant -- Subcriticality, criticality, and supercriticality -- Advantages and Disadvantages of fission nuclear reactors -- Effects of nuclear radiation -- Radioactive decay -- Radiation danger -- Nuclear radiation accidents -- Case Study: San Onofre -- Canadian CANDU reactor -- Pebble-bed reactor -- Hyperion nuclear power reactor -- Fusion reactors -- Fusion as a future energy source -- Future fusion-reactor research and development -- Chapter 14: Air Pollution Abatement -- Effects of pollution on human and animal life -- Pollution-abatement equipment -- Emerging future technologies: bioreactors -- Groundwater replenishment system -- Chapter 15: Carbon Dioxide Sequestration And Carbon Trading Economics -- Chemical and physical properties of carbon dioxide -- Carbon dioxide production -- Industrial production of carbon dioxide -- Industrial uses of carbon dioxide -- Carbon dioxide in photosynthesis -- Carbon dioxide sequestration in ocean waters and aquatic life -- Pesticides and plastics -- Carbon dioxide in the oil and chemical industries -- Role of carbon dioxide in human physiology -- Carbon dioxide use in the production of ammonia and fertilizer -- Carbon credits -- Economics of global warming -- Disagreement and criticisms of the Kyoto protocol -- Appendix A: Unit conversion and design reference tables -- Appendix B: Photo gallery -- Appendix C: Historical time line of solar energy -- Appendix D: Glossary of renewable energy power systems -- Bibliography -- Index.…”


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Prescott's microbiology by Willey, Joanne M.

Table of Contents: “…Water purification and sanitary analysis. Wastewater treatment. Biodegradation and bioremediation by natural communities. …”


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Brock biology of microorganisms by Madigan, Michael T., 1949-, Bender, Kelly S., 1977-, Buckley, Daniel H. (Daniel Hezekiah), Sattley, W. Matthew, 1975-, Stahl, David Allan, 1949-

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Desalination engineering : planning and design by Voutchkov, Nikolay

Table of Contents: “…Machine generated contents note: 1.Desalination Engineering: An Overview -- 1.1.Introduction -- 1.2.Terminology -- 1.3.Overview of Desalination Technologies -- 1.4.Thermal Desalination -- 1.4.1.Overview -- 1.4.2.Multistage Flash Distillation -- 1.4.3.Multiple-Effect Distillation -- 1.4.4.Vapor Compression -- 1.5.Membrane Desalination -- 1.5.1.Overview -- 1.5.2.Electrodialysis -- 1.5.3.Reverse Osmosis -- 1.6.References -- 2.Source Water Quality Characterization -- 2.1.Introduction -- 2.2.Watershed Sanitary Survey -- 2.3.Assessment of the Pathogen Content of Source Water -- 2.4.Overview of Source Water Constituents -- 2.5.Minerals -- 2.5.1.Mineral Content of Seawater -- 2.5.2.Mineral Content of Brackish Water -- 2.6.Dissolved Gases -- 2.7.Particulate Membrane Foulants -- 2.7.1.Description -- 2.7.2.Parameters and Measurement Methods -- 2.7.3.Threshold Levels of Particulate Foulants -- 2.8.Colloidal Membrane Foulants -- 2.8.1.Description -- 2.8.2.Parameters and Measurement Methods -- 2.8.3.Threshold Levels of Colloidal Foulants -- 2.9.Mineral Membrane-Scaling Foulants -- 2.9.1.Description -- 2.9.2.Parameters and Measurement Methods -- 2.9.3.Threshold Levels of Mineral Foulants -- 2.10.Natural Organic Foulants -- 2.10.1.Description -- 2.10.2.Parameters and Measurement Methods -- 2.10.3.Threshold Levels of Organic Foulants -- 2.11.Microbial Foulants -- 2.11.1.Description -- 2.11.2.Parameters and Measurement Methods -- 2.11.3.Threshold Levels of Microbial Foulants -- 2.12.Combined Impacts of Various Types of Foulants -- 2.13.Membrane Fouling Diagnostics -- 2.13.1.Laboratory Autopsy of Biofouled Membranes -- 2.14.Water Quality Analysis for RO Desalination -- 2.15.References -- 3.Fundamentals of Reverse Osmosis Desalination -- 3.1.Introduction -- 3.2.Reverse Osmosis Membrane Structures, and Materials -- 3.2.1.Conventional Thin-Film Composite Membrane Structure -- 3.2.2.Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membrane Structure -- 3.2.3.Cellulose Acetate Membranes -- 3.2.4.Aromatic Polyamide Membranes -- 3.3.Spiral-Wound, Hollow-Fiber, and Flat-Sheet RO Membrane Elements -- 3.3.1.Spiral-Wound RO Membrane Elements -- 3.3.2.Hollow-Fiber RO Membrane Elements -- 3.3.3.Flat-Sheet RO Membrane Elements -- 3.4.Reverse Osmosis System-General Description -- 3.4.1.Configuration -- 3.4.2.Reverse Osmosis Process Parameters -- 3.5.Models for Water and Salt Transport through Membranes -- 3.5.1.Overview -- 3.5.2.Nonporous Solution-Diffusion Transport Model -- 3.6.Membrane Performance Factors and Considerations -- 3.6.1.Concentration Polarization -- 3.6.2.Membrane Fouling -- 3.6.3.Flux Distribution within Membrane Vessels -- 3.6.4.Effect of Salinity on Membrane Performance -- 3.6.5.Effect of Recovery on Membrane Performance -- 3.6.6.Effect of Temperature on Membrane Performance -- 3.6.7.Effect of Feed Pressure on Membrane Performance -- 3.6.8.Effect of Permeate Back Pressure on Membrane Performance -- 3.7.Key Membrane Desalination Plant Components -- 3.7.1.General Overview -- 3.7.2.Plant Intake -- 3.7.3.Pretreatment -- 3.7.4.Reverse Osmosis Separation System -- 3.7.5.Post-Treatment -- 3.7.6.Desalination Plant Discharge Management -- 3.8.References -- 4.Planning Considerations -- 4.1.Introduction -- 4.2.Plant Service Area, Capacity, and Site -- 4.2.1.Service Area -- 4.2.2.Plant Capacity -- 4.2.3.Plant Site -- 4.3.Intake Type and Location -- 4.3.1.Brackish Water Intake Planning Considerations -- 4.3.2.Seawater Intake Planning Considerations -- 4.4.Source Water Quality -- 4.5.Product Water Quality -- 4.5.1.Water Quality of SWRO Desalination Plants -- 4.5.2.Water Quality of BWRO Desalination Plants -- 4.5.3.Disinfection By-Products in Desalinated Water -- 4.5.4.Blending of Desalinated Water in the Distribution System -- 4.5.5.Wastewater Treatment and Water Reuse Considerations -- 4.5.6.Selection of Target Product Water Quality -- 4.6.Plant Discharge -- 4.6.1.Concentrate -- 4.6.2.Spent Filter Backwash Water -- 4.6.3.Spent Membrane Cleaning Chemicals -- 4.7.Conceptual Plant Design -- 4.7.1.Scope -- 4.7.2.Selection of Key Treatment Processes -- 4.7.3.Equipment Selection -- 4.7.4.Treatment Process Validation and Optimization by Pilot Testing -- 4.7.5.Plant Configuration and Layout -- 4.7.6.Energy Use -- 4.7.7.Chemicals Used in Desalination Plants -- 4.8.Project Implementation Schedule and Phasing -- 4.8.1.Project Duration -- 4.8.2.Project Phasing -- 4.9.Project Economics -- 4.9.1.Effect of Plant Size on Project Costs -- 4.9.2.Concentrate Disposal and Plant Costs -- 4.9.3.Energy Use and Project Costs -- 4.9.4.Project Risks and Costs -- 4.10.Contractor Procurement for Project Implementation -- 4.10.1.Design-Bid-Build -- 4.10.2.Design-Build-Operate -- 4.10.3.Build-Own-Operate-Transfer -- 4.11.Project Funding -- 4.12.References -- 5.Environmental Review and Permitting -- 5.1.Introduction -- 5.2.Intakes-Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures -- 5.2.1.Open Intakes -- 5.2.2.Subsurface Intakes -- 5.3.Discharge-Environmental Challenges and Solutions -- 5.3.1.Salinity Increase beyond the Tolerance Thresholds of Aquatic Species -- 5.3.2.Concentration of Source Water Constituents to Harmful Levels -- 5.3.3.Discharge Discoloration and Low Oxygen Content -- 5.4.Greenhouse Gas Emissions Associated with Plant Operations -- 5.4.1.Introduction -- 5.4.2.Greenhouse Gas Emission Management -- 5.5.Traffic, Noise, and Other Auxiliary Impacts -- 5.6.Framework of Environmental Impact Assessment -- 5.6.1.Introduction -- 5.6.2.Project EIA Scoping -- 5.6.3.Project Definition -- 5.6.4.Environmental Analysis -- 5.6.5.Identification of Significant Environmental Impacts and Development of Mitigation Measures -- 5.7.Overview of the Desalination Project Permitting Process -- 5.8.Permits Related to Source Water Intake -- 5.8.1.Key Permitting Issues -- 5.8.2.Permitting Support Studies -- 5.9.Permits Related to Plant Discharge -- 5.9.1.Key Permitting Issues -- 5.9.2.Permitting Support Studies -- 5.10.Permits Related to Product Water Related -- 5.10.1.Key Permitting Issues -- 5.10.2.Permitting Support Studies -- 5.11.Other Permits -- 5.12.References -- 6.Intakes for Source Water Collection -- 6.1.Introduction -- 6.2.Open Intakes -- 6.2.1.Types and Configurations -- 6.2.2.Selection of Open Intake Type -- 6.2.3.Selection of Open Intake Location -- 6.2.4.Minimization of Impingement and Entrainment Impacts -- 6.2.5.Design Considerations -- 6.2.6.Costs of Open Intakes -- 6.3.Subsurface Intakes -- 6.3.1.Types and Configurations -- 6.3.2.Design Considerations -- 6.3.3.Costs of Subsurface Intakes -- 6.4.References -- 7.Intake Pump Stations -- 7.1.Introduction -- 7.2.Types and Configurations -- 7.2.1.Wet-Well Pump Stations -- 7.2.2.Dry-Well Pump Stations -- 7.2.3.Canned Pump Stations -- 7.3.Planning and Design Considerations -- 7.3.1.Pump Station Location -- 7.3.2.Pump Room Configuration -- 7.3.3.Inlet and Suction Well Configuration -- 7.3.4.Surge Analysis and Protection -- 7.3.5.Corrosion Protection -- 7.3.6.Water Quality Monitoring and Controls -- 7.4.Chemical Feed Systems -- 7.4.1.Sodium Hypochlorite Feed System -- 7.4.2.Sulfuric Acid Feed System -- 7.5.Intake Pump Station Construction Costs -- 7.6.References -- 8.Source Water Screening -- 8.1.Introduction -- 8.2.Bar, Band, and Drum Screens -- 8.2.1.Coarse Bar Screens (Bar Racks) -- 8.2.2.Fine Screens -- 8.3.Microscreens -- 8.3.1.Types and Configurations -- 8.3.2.Design Example -- 8.3.3.Microscreen Costs -- 8.4.Cartridge Filters -- 8.4.1.Types and Configurations -- 8.4.2.Planning and Design Considerations -- 8.4.3.Design Example -- 8.4.4.Cartridge Filter System Costs -- 8.5.References -- 9.Source Water Conditioning -- 9.1.Introduction -- 9.2.Coagulation -- 9.2.1.Types of Coagulation Chemicals and Feed Systems -- 9.2.2.Planning Considerations -- 9.2.3.Design Example -- 9.3.Flocculation -- 9.3.1.Types of Flocculation Chemicals and Feed Systems -- 9.3.2.Planning and Design Considerations -- 9.3.3.Design Example -- 9.4.Scale Inhibitors -- 9.4.1.Acids -- 9.4.2.Other Scale Inhibitors -- 9.5.Biocides -- 9.5.1.Sodium Hypochlorite -- 9.5.2.Chlorine Dioxide -- 9.5.3.Chloramines -- 9.5.4.Nonoxidizing Biocides -- 9.6.Dechlorination -- 9.7.Planning and Design Considerations for Source Water Conditioning -- 9.7.1.Properties of Commonly Used Source Water Conditioning Chemicals -- 9.7.2.Example Calculations -- 9.8.References -- 10.Sand Removal, Sedimentation, and Dissolved Air Flotation -- 10.1.Introduction -- 10.2.Sand Removal Systems -- 10.2.1.Settling Canals and Retention Basins -- 10.2.2.Strainers -- 10.2.3.Cyclone Separators -- 10.3.Sedimentation Tanks -- 10.3.1.Introduction -- 10.3.2.Planning and Design Considerations -- 10.3.3.Design Example -- 10.4.Dissolved Air Flotation Clarifiers -- 10.4.1.Types and Configurations -- 10.4.2.Planning and Design Considerations -- 10.4.3.Design Example -- 10.5.Lamella Settler and DAF Clarifier Costs -- 10.6.References -- 11.Pretreatment by Granular Media Filtration -- 11.1.Introduction -- 11.2.The Filter Operation Cycle -- 11.2.1.Source Water Processing (Filtration) -- 11.2.2.Filter Media Backwash -- 11.3.Key Filtration System Components -- 11.3.1.Filter Cells -- 11.3.2.Filter Media -- 11.3.3.Media Support Layer and Filter Underdrain System -- 11.3.4.Service Facilities and Equipment -- 11.4.Filter Types and Configurations -- 11.4.1.Single-Medium and Dual- and Tri-Media Filters -- 11.4.2.Single- and Two-Stage Filters -- 11.4.3.Downflow and Upflow Filters -- 11.4.4.Filters Combined with Dissolved Air Flotation Clarifiers -- 11.4.5.Gravity and Pressure Filters -- 11.5.Filter Performance -- 11.5.1.Removal of Solids -- 11.5.2.Removal of Organics -- 11.5.3.Removal of Microorganisms -- 11.6.Source Water Pretreatment Prior to Granular Media Filtration -- 11.7.Planning and Design Considerations -- 11.7.1.Single-Stage Dual-Media Filters -- 11.7.2.Two-Stage Filters -- 11.7.3.Design Examples -- 11.8.Pretreatment System Costs -- 11.9.References -- 12.Pretreatment by Membrane Filtration -- 12.1.Introduction --…”


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Environmental science : a study of interrelationships

Table of Contents: “…-- Water Management: -- Global water challenge -- Water issue -- Hydrologic cycle -- Human influences on the hydrologic cycle -- Kinds of water use: -- Domestic use of water -- Focus On: Bottled water boom: -- Agricultural use of water -- Industrial use of water -- In-stream use of water -- Science, Politics, & Policy: Energy policy versus water policy along the Colorado River -- Focus On: Growing demands for a limited supply of water in the west -- Kinds and sources of water pollution -- Going Green: From toilet water to tap water: -- Municipal water pollution --Agricultural water pollution -- Industrial water pollution -- Thermal pollution -- Marine oil pollution -- Groundwater pollution -- Water-use planning issues: -- Water diversion -- Focus On: Restoring the Everglades: -- Wastewater treatment -- Salinization -- Groundwater mining -- Preserving scenic water areas and wildlife habitats -- Issues & Analysis: Is there lead in our drinking water? …”


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Water for energy and fuel production by Shah, Yatish T.

Table of Contents: “…Food and Kitchen Organic Waste -- 8.4.9. Wastewater Treatment -- 8.4.10. Dairy Effluent -- 8.4.11. …”


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