The computer book : from the abacus to artificial intelligence, 250 milestones in the history of computer science /
"Two expert authors, with decades' of experience working in computer research and innovation, explore topics including the Sumerian abacus, the first spam message, Morse code, cryptography, early computers, Isaac Asimov's laws of robotics, UNIX and early programming languages, movies,...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Book |
| Language: | English |
| Series: | Sterling Milestones series.
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| Subjects: |
Table of Contents:
- C. 2500 BCE: Sumerian abacus
- c. 700 BC: Scytale
- c. 150: Antikythera mechanism
- c. 60: Programmable robot
- c. 850: "On Deciphering Cryptographic Messages"
- c. 1470: Cipher disk
- 1613: First recorded use of the word "computer"
- 1621: Slide rule
- 1703: Binary arithmetic
- 1758: Human computers predict Halley's comet
- 1770: The "Mechanical Turk"
- 1792: Optical telegraph
- 1801: The Jacquard loom
- 1922: The difference engine
- 1836: Electrical telegraph
- 1843: Ada Lovelace writes a computer program
- 1843: Fax machine patented
- 1843: Edgar Allan Poe's "The Gold-Bug"
- 1851: Thomas arithmometer
- 1854: Boolean algebra
- 1864: First electromagnetic spam message
- 1874: Baudot code
- 1874: Semiconductor diode
- 1890: Tabulating the US census
- 1891: Stronger step-by-step switch
- 1914: Floating-point numbers
- 1917: Vernam cipher
- 1920: "Rossum's Universal Robots"
- 1927: "Metropolis"
- 1927: First LED
- 1928: Electronic speech synthesis
- 1931: Differential analyzer
- 1936: Church-Turing thesis
- 1941: Z3 computer
- 1942: Atansoff-Berry computer
- 1942: Isaac Asimov's three laws of robotics
- 1943: ENIAC
- 1943: Colossus
- 1944: Delay line memory
- 1944: Binary-coded decimal
- 1945: "As we may think"
- 1945: EDVAC "First Draft" report
- 1946: Trackball
- 1946: Williams tube
- 1947: Actual bug found
- 1947: Silicon transistor
- 1948: The bit
- 1949: Curta calculator
- 1948: Manchester SSEM
- 1949: Whirlwind
- 1950: Error-correcting codes
- 1951: The Turing test
- 1951: Magnetic tape used for computers
- 1951: Core memory
- 1951: Microprogramming
- 1952: Computer speech recognition
- 1953: First transistorized computer
- 1955: "Artificial Intelligence" coined
- 1955: Computer proves mathematical theorem
- 1956: First disk storage unit
- 1956: The byte
- 1956: Robby the Robot
- 1957: FORTRAN
- 1957: First digital image
- 1958: The Bell 101 modem
- 1958: SAGE computer operational
- 1959: IBM 1401
- 1959: PDP-1
- 1959: Quicksort
- 1959: Airline reservation system
- 1960: COBOL computer language
- 1960: Recommended standard 232
- 1961: ANITA electronic calculator
- 1969: Ultimate: first mass-produced robot
- 1961: Time-sharing
- 1962: "Spacewar!"
- 1962: Virtual memory
- 1962: Digital long distance
- 1963: Sketchpad
- 1963: ASCII
- 1964: RAND tablet
- 1964: Teletype model 33 ASR
- 1964: BASIC computer language
- 1965: First liquid-crystal display
- 1965: Fiber optics
- 1965: DENDRAL
- 1965: ELIZA
- 1965: Touchscreen
- 1966: "Star Trek" premiers
- 1966: Dynamic RAM
- 1967: Object-oriented programming
- 1967: First cash machine
- 1967: Head-mounted display
- 1967: Programming for children
- 1967: The mouse
- 1968: Carterfone decision
- 1968: Software engineering
- 1968: HAL 9000 computer
- 1968: First spacecraft guided by computer
- 1968: "Cyberspace" coined... and re-coined
- 1968: Mother of all demos
- 1968: Dot matrix printer
- 1968: Interface message processor (IMP)
- 1969: ARPANET/Internet
- 1969: Digital imaging
- 1969: "Network Working Group REquest for Comments: 1"
- 1969: Utility computing
- 1969: "Perceptrons"
- 1969: UNIX
- 1970: Fair Credit Reporting Act
- 1970: Relational database
- 1979: Floppy disk
- 1971: Laser printer
- 1971: NP-completeness
- 1971: @mail
- 1971: First microprocessor
- 1971: First wireless network
- 1972: C programming language
- 1972: Cray research
- 1972: "Game of Life"
- 1972: PH-35 calculator
- 1972: "Pong"
- 1973: First cell phone call.
- 1973: Xerox Alto
- 1974: Data encryption standard
- 1974: First personal computer
- 1975: "Adventure"
- 1975: "The Shockwave Rider"
- 1975: AI medical diagnosis
- 1975: "BYTE" magazine
- 1975: Homebrew Computer Club
- 1975: "The Mythical Man-Month"
- 1976: Public key cryptography
- 1976: Tandem NonSTop
- 1976: "Dr. Dobb's Journal"
- 1977: RSA encryption
- 1977: Apple II
- 1978: First Internet spam message
- 1978: Minitel
- 1979: VisiCalc
- 1980: Sinclair ZX80
- 1980: Flash memory
- 1980: RSIC
- 1980: Commercially available ethernet
- 1980: Usenet
- 1981: IBM PC
- 1981: Simple mail transfer protocol
- 1981: Japan's fifth generation computer systems
- 1982: AutoCAD
- 1982: First commercial UNIX workstation
- 1982: PostScript
- 1982: Microsoft and the clones
- 1982: First CGI sequence in feature film
- 1982: "National Geographic" moves the pyramids
- 1982: Secure multi-party computation
- 1982: "Tron"
- 1982: Home computer named Machine of the Year
- 1983: The Qubit
- 1983: "WarGames"
- 1983: 3-D printing
- 1983: Computerization of the local telephone network
- 1983: First laptop
- 1983: MIDI computer music interface
- 1983: Microsoft Word
- 1983: Nintendo Entertainment System
- 1983: Domain name system
- 1983: IPv4 flag day
- 1984: Text-to-speech
- 1984: Macintosh
- 1984: VPL Research, Inc.
- 1984: Quantum cryptography
- 1984: Telebit modems break 9600 bps
- 1984: Verilog
- 1985: Connection machine
- 1985: First computer-generated TV host
- 1985: Zero-knowledge proofs
- 1985: FCC approves unlicensed spread spectrum
- 1985: NSFNET
- 1985: Desktop publishing
- 1985: Field-programmable gate array
- 1985: GNU manifesto
- 1985: AFIS stops a serial killer
- 1986: Software bug fatalities
- 1986: Pixar
- 1987: Digital video editing
- 1987: GIF
- 1988: MPEG
- 1988: CD-ROM
- 1988: Morris worm
- 1989: World Wide Web
- 1989: "SimCity"
- 1989: ISP provides internet access to the public
- 1990: GPS is operational
- 1990: Digital money
- 1991: Pretty Good Privacy (PGP)
- 1991: "Computers at Risk"
- 1991: Linux kernel
- 1992: Boston Dynamics founded
- 1992: JPEG
- 1992: First mass-market web browser
- 1992: Unicode
- 1993: Apple Newton
- 1994: First banner ad
- 1994: RSA-129 cracked
- 1995: DVD
- 1995: E-commerce
- 1995: AltaVista web search engine
- 1995: Garner hype cycle
- 1996: Universal Serial Bus (USB)
- 1997: Computer is world chess champion
- 1997: PalmPilot
- 1997: E ink
- 1998: Diamond Rio MP3 player
- 1998: Google
- 1999: Collaborative software development
- 1999: "Blog" is coined
- 1999: Napster
- 2000: UPS flash drive
- 2001: Wikipedia
- 2001: iTunes
- 2001: Advanced encryption standard
- 2001: Quantum computer factors "15"
- 2002: Home-cleaning robot
- 2003: CAPTCHA
- 2004: Product tracking
- 2004: Facebook
- 2004: First International Meeting on Synthetic Biology
- 2005: Video game enables research into real-world pandemics
- 2006: Hardop makes big data possible
- 2006: Differential privacy
- 2007: iPhone
- 2008: Bitcoin
- 2010: Air Force builds supercomputer with gaming consoles
- 2010: Cyber weapons
- 2011: Smart homes
- 2011: Watson wins "Jeopardy!"
- 2011: World IPv6 Day
- 2011: Social media enables the Arab Spring
- 2012: DNA data storage
- 2013: Algorithm influences prison sentence
- 2013: Subscription software
- 2014: Data breaches
- 2014: Over-the-air vehicle software updates
- 2015: Google releases TensorFlow
- 2016: Augmented reality goes mainstream
- 2016: Computer beats master at Go
- ~2050: Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)
- ~9999: The limits of computation?